C/C++ Users Group Library 1996 July

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P C Utilities A set of useful Utility Programs For the IBM Personal Computer Release 1.3 Revised: 29-Jul-90 Copyright 1983,1990 Dave Dunfield All rights Reserved PC Utilities Page: 1 1. INTRODUCTION PC Utilities is a collection of small but useful utility programs for the IBM PC under MS-DOS. Included in the package are: CHATTR - Change file attributes. DIFF - Compare two text files and report differences. DR - Scan a directory tree for OLDest and NEWest file DUMP - HEX or OCTAL dump of file(s) contents. DUS - Disk Usage Summary EDT - A screen oriented text editor. EXTRACT - Extact a section from a larger file. FDIR - A screen oriented directory shell. FSCAN - Scan for altered files. HEXED - A screen oriented binary editor. LOCATE - Search for text strings. OFF - CRT screen saved. RETAB - Retabulate files to different tab stops. SIZE - Display size of file(s) in lines/characters. TIMEIT - Times the execution of another command. TYPESET - An ASCII document formatter. WDIR - Walk a directory & execute commands. The following pages contain detailed descriptions of each utility program, and its operating syntax. The PCUTILS "package" (software and documentation) is copyrighted, and may not be re-distributed for profit or other commercial purposes without my written permission. If you find PCUTILS useful, please help me continue to support and enhance it by sending a "registration" fee of $24.95 to this address: Dunfield Development Systems P.O. Box 31044 Nepean, Ontario (Canada) K2B 8S8 Please make your cheque or money order payable to "David or Sharleen Dunfield". If you choose not to order the complete PCUTILS package, please discontinue using PCUTILS within thirty days. PCUTILS is provided on an "as is" basis, with no warranty of any kind. In no event shall the author be liable for any damages arising from its use or distribution. PC Utilities - CHATTR Page: 2 2. CHATTR - Change file attributes CHATTR is a simple utility program which allows you to easily set the attribytes of DOS files. The form of the CHATTR command is: CHATTR <filespec> <+|-attribute ...> The available attributes are: +/-A - Add/Remove ARCHIVE bit +/-H - Add/Remove HIDDEN bit +/-R - Add/Remove READ-ONLY bit +/-S - Add/Remove SYSTEM bit Examples: chattr *.* -a chattr \dos\*.* +r chattr C:\command.com +h +r PC Utilities - DIFF Page: 3 3. DIFF - A file compare program DIFF is a program which taks two text files, and performs a line-by-line comparison of them. If more than one differing line is found, DIFF considers and reports this is a single difference. The 'r=' parameter controls how many identical lines DIFF must find in the file before it considers a difference to be ended. Any time a difference is found between the files, DIFF displays the line numbers indicating where the difference occurs, followed by the differing lines from the first file (Preceeded by '<'), and the differing lines from the second file (Precceded by '>'). The form of the DIFF command is: DIFF <file1> <file2> [options ...] The available options are: -d - Inhibit display of differing lines -l - Inhibit display of line numbers r=num - Specify minimum # of lines to re-synchronize Examples: diff program.asm program.bak PC Utilities - DR Page: 4 4. DR - Date Ranger DR is a utility which will quickly scan a disk or directory, and report on the oldest and newest files it finds. It is quite useful for determing the last date/time a change was made etc. The form of the DR command is: DR <directory ...> [options ...] The available options are: -? or ? - Display help info. -h - Exclude HIDDEN files -n - Inhibit display of NEWest file -o - Inhibit display of OLDest file -r - Inhibit recursion into sub-directories -s - Exclude SYSTEM files -v - Inhibit startup message (header) Examples: dr c:\myprogs PC Utilities - DUMP Page: 5 5. DUMP - File dump DUMP is a utility which displays the contents of one or more files in either HEX/ASCII or OCTAL/ASCII "dump" format. Wildcards (*,?) are allowed in filenames. The form of the DUMP command is: DUMP <filename ...> [options ...] The available options are: -f - Pause between each file -o - Use OCTAL dump (default is HEX) -p - Pause between each block Examples: dump myprog.obj -p dump *.COM -f -o PC Utilities - DUS Page: 6 6. DUS - Disk Use Summary The DUS utility scans a disk or directory tree, and reports on the disk space used within each subdirectory. A "Cumulative" option allows DUS to report the total space under each directory, which includes the contents of any subdirectories. The form of the DUS command is: DUS <directory ...> [options ...] The available options are: -? or ? - Display help info. -c - Produce CUMULATIVE display -d - Inhibit individual display (total only) -h - Exclude HIDDEN files -p - Pause between each output page -r - Inhibit recursion into sub-directories -s - Exclude SYSTEM files -v - Inhibit startup message (header) Examples: dus c:\ dus c:\ d:\ -c dus d:\archive -c PC Utilities - EDT Page: 7 7. EDT - Text editor 7.1 Introduction EDT is a fully featured, in-memory, text editor. It operates in either a line-by-line, or a visual screen format. In line-by-line mode, EDT performs no direct screen accesses, and may be operated over a serial port using CTTY. EDT is invoked with the command 'EDT <filename>'. If the named file already exists, EDT will load and edit it, otherwise a blank file is presented. If the optional '-v' qualifier is specified, EDT will start-up in line-by-line mode, otherwise it starts up in visual mode. eg: edt thefile.dat <- Visual mode edt myfile.dat -v <- Line by Line PC Utilities - EDT Page: 8 7.2 Line mode operation 7.2.1 Line ranges Most commands accept a "line-range" which is an optional specification controlling the range of lines for which the command has effect. Unless otherwise stated, the default line-range assumed for each command is the "current" line (*). The "current" line is the line at which EDT is positioned in line by line mode, and is also the line on which the cursor is positioned in visual mode. The following are the valid line range formats: * - The "current" line / - The entire file = - The tagged lines 0 - The end of the file <n> - Line number <n>, (<n> >= 1) <r>,<r> - Range between beginning of two other ranges. The '+' and '-' characters may be used to add or subtract a constant value from a line range. eg: '0-12' <- 12 lines from end of file If '+' or '-' is used but no range is specified, an offset from the current line is assumed. eg: '+12' <- 12 lines from the current line. The line range specification is entered immediately preceeding the command name. ie: '<r><command> <operands>' 7.2.2 Line mode commands C - Copy text The 'C'opy command performs a copy of the active range of lines, placeing the copy directly ahead of the current line. Examples: C - Duplicate current line 1,10C - Copy lines 1 to 10 inclusive =C - Copy tagged lines /C - Duplicate entire file (must be at end) PC Utilities - EDT Page: 9 D - Delete text The 'D'elete command deletes the active range of lines. Examples: D - Delete current line -5,+5D - Delete 11 lines -5 to +5 from current /D - Delete entire file F - File information This command displays information about the file being edited, includes the filename, the size of the file in lines and characters, and the size and position of the specified line range. Examples: F - Display file & current line information =F - Display file & tagged lines information I - Insert new text The 'I'nsert command prompts for 'Input:', and inserts all lines typed directly ahead of the active range. Enter a null line to exit. Examples: I - Insert ahead of current line /I - Insert at start of file 0I - Insert at end of file L - List text in simple form The 'L'ist command displays the active range of lines. The display does not include line numbers or special indications. 'L'ist is faster and mode efficent that 'P'rint. Examples: L - List current line /L - List entire file -10,+10L - List 21 lines, centered on current M - Move text The 'M'ove command moves the active range of lines to the location directly ahead of the current line. Examples: =M - Move tagged lines +1M - Interchange active & next line PC Utilities - EDT Page: 10 P - Print text (Enhanced 'L'ist) The 'P'rint command displays the active range of lines. This display includes the line number which may be preceded by a special indication flag ('*' for current line, '=' for tagged lines). Examples: P - Display current line /P - Display entire file Q - Quit (exit) editor The 'Q'uit command exits the editor. This command will not allow an exit if unsaved changes are present in the file. Examples: Q - Quit editor QQ - Unconditional 'Q'uit The 'QQ'uit command exits the editor unconditionaly. Examples: QQ - Quit unconditionaly. R <filename> - Read file The 'R'ead command reads the entire contents of the specified file, and inserts it directly ahead of the active range. Examples: Rabc - Insert file 'abc' at current /Rabc - Insert file 'abc' at start 0Rabc - Append file 'abc' at end S<dc><search><dc><replace> - Substitute The 'S'ubstitute command searches the active range of lines, and replaces all occurrances of the string <search> with the string <replace>. The <dc> delimiter character may be any character not contained within the <search> string. Examples: S'abc'def - Change 'abc' to 'def' in current /S'abc'def - Change 'abc' to 'def' in entire file =S'abc'def - Change 'abc' to 'def' in tagged lines PC Utilities - EDT Page: 11 T - Tag lines The 'T'ag command tags the active range of lines, allowing them to be referred to by '=' in a subsequent command range. Examples: T - Tag current line 1,10T - Tag lines 1 to 10 *,+5T - Tag six lines starting at current V - Switch Visual Mode The 'V' command causes EDT to switch visual modes. This enters visual mode if EDT was previously in line by line mode, and enters line by line mode if previously in visual mode. Examples: V - Switch visual modes W [filename] - Write to file The 'W' command writes the active range of lines to the named file, or to the original file edited if no name is specified. Use of this command also resets the FILE CHANGED flag, allowing exit via 'q'. The default line range assumed for 'W'rite is the entire file. Examples: W - Write entire file *W - Write current line Wabc - Write entire file to 'abc' =Wabc - Write tagged lines to 'abc' X [filename] - Write file and eXit This command behaves exactly as the 'W'rite command, followed immediatly by a 'Q'uit command. It provides a shorthand way of saving your file and leaving the editor. Examples: X - Write file & exit Xabc - Write to 'abc' and exit PC Utilities - EDT Page: 12 ?<text> - Search for text The '?' command moves the active line to the first occurance of the specified string within the active range. The default range assumed for '?' is one character past the current cursor position (in visual mode) or the first character of the active line (In line by line mode), through to the end of the file. Examples: ?string - Find next occurance of "string" /?string - Find first occurance of "string" $<command> - Execute DOS command The '$' command executes the specified DOS command. Examples: $dir - Execute 'dir' command <no command> - Goto line If a line range is given without a command, EDT will reposition the "current" line to the beginning of that range. Examples: 100 - Move to line 100 / - Move to start of file 0 - Move to end of file = - Move to tagged line(s) PC Utilities - EDT Page: 13 7.3 Visual mode operation When in VISUAL mode, EDT presents a window on the terminal screen which displays the contents of a section of the file. Editing of the file may be performed directly on the screen via special function keys, and the screen is updated so that you see your changes as they are being performed. Any control characters which exist in the file will be displayed as the corresponding printable character in reverse video. If the end of the file is within the area shown on the screen, the message '*EOF*' is displayed in reverse video. 7.3.1 Entering text Text may be entered into the file being edited, simply by typeing it at the terminal keyboard. EDT automatically places the text in the file, and updates the screen to reflect the new contents. The position of the terminal cursor indicates the position at which the text will be entered. 7.3.2 Positioning the cursor The arrow keys on the terminal may be used to move the cursor around the displayed image. Moving beyond the bottom of the screen causes EDT to scroll forward one line, and shift the screen up. Moving beyond the top of the screen causes EDT to scroll backward one half screen, and redisplay the text. EDT will perform sideways scrolling of the display to allow the cursor to access the entire width of lines which are larger than 80 columns. PC Utilities - EDT Page: 14 7.3.3 Visual mode function keys The following keys on the IBM PC keyboard have special meaning to EDT: Right arrow Moves the cursor forward one character positon in the file, if at the end of a line, the cursor will advance to the first position of the next line. Left arrow Moves the cursor backward one character positon in the file, if at the beginning of a line, the cursor will backup to the last position of the previous line. Up arrow Moves the cursor up one line. If at the top of the screen, the display will scroll backwards by one half a screen page. Down arrow Moves the cursor down one line. If at the bottom of the screen, the display will scroll forward by one line. The cursor may appear to jump back and forth as it is moved up and down, if it ancounters lines which are shorter than the current character position within the line, or lines which contain tabs. This is because whenever possible, the cursor is returned to the same number of physical characters from the start of the line as is was on the first line from which the UP or DOWN arrow was pressed. Page up This key pages backward one screen. (Top line becomes bottom) Page down This key pages forward one screen. (Bottom line becomes top) Home Moves the cursor to the beginning of the line. If it is already at the beginning of a line, it is moved to the beginning of the previous line. End Moves the cursor to the end of the line. If already at the end of a line, it is moved to the end of the next line. PC Utilities - EDT Page: 15 CTRL-PgUp This key moves the cursor to the beginning of the first line in the file. CTRL-PgDn This key moves the cursor to the end of the file. CTRL-Right Arrow Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next word. CTRL-Left Arrow Moves the cursor to the beginning of the previous word. Ins Toggles between character INSERT and OVERWRITE mode. In INSERT mode, all characters typed at the terminal are inserted into the text. In OVERWRITE mode, only the NEWLINE character and data entered at the end of a line is inserted, all other characters will overwrite the existing text. Delete Deletes the character under the cursor, without moving the cursor. Backspace Moves the cursor backward to the previous character, then deletes that character. CTRL-Home Redraws the screen image of the file. This is normally used in the case of the screen being corrupted by data transmission errors, or asynchronus messages from the operating system or its users. F1 Toggles ON/OFF the display of NEWLINE characters at the end of each line of text. F2 Displays the current cursor position, including the actual and character offsets from the start of line. F3 Brings the line the cursor is on to the top of the screen. PC Utilities - EDT Page: 16 F4 Tags one or more lines for a later operation. The tagged lines are displayed in special video if the terminal supports it. Once one line is tagged, pressing this key on another line causes all lines between them to be tagged. Pressing it again on the first line of the tagged range removes the tags. F5 Deletes from the cursor position to the end of the line (inclusive). F6 Deletes from the cursor position to the end of the line (exclusive). F7 Inserts the deleted line text (From Function key 8 or Function key 9) at the current cursor position. F10 or Keypad '+' Prompts for a line mode command, and executes it. See the section on line mode operation. F9 or Keypad '-' Re-executes the last line mode command entered. PC Utilities - EXTRACT Page: 17 8. EXTRACT - Extract section of file The EXTRACT utility reads a file, and writes a specified range of lines to standard output, which can be re-directed to another file with the '>' operator. If the specified ending line number is higher than the number of lines in the file, all lines from the starting line number to the end of the file will be written. The form of the EXTRACT command is: EXTRACT <filename> <start line> <end line> Examples: extract bigfile.dat 1 1000 >small1.dat extract bigfile.dat 1001 2000 >small2.dat extract bigfile.dat 2001 9999 >small3.dat PC Utilities - FDIR Page: 18 9. FDIR - Full screen directory 9.1 Introduction FDIR is a screen oriented directory utility, which allows the entry and editing of commands into a console display of directory files. The directory display includes the filename, the file owner, size (in Kbytes) and attributes. 9.2 Command format The following characters have special significance when used as part of the commands entered into the directory display: @ - Substitutes the entire filename and extension (without directory) into the command. $ - Substitutes the filename only (without directory or extension) into the command. ^ - Substitutes the directory path (no filename or extension into the command. ! - Protect the next character in the command from the above translations. If none of the above characters are found in a command, and the F1 (filename) option flag is turned on (see below), FDIR will append the entire directory path, filename and extension to the command. For example, if you issued the command: FDIR \cmds\*.EXE The following lines would result in the indicated command executed if entered beside the name 'FDIR.EXE': echo ===> echo \cmds\FDIR.EXE echo @ ===> echo FDIR.EXE echo $ ===> echo FDIR echo ^ ===> echo \cmds\ echo !@ ===> echo \cmds\FDIR.EXE echo !^@ ===> echo ^FDIR.EXE echo !^ ===> echo ^ FDIR.EXE copy !@ @ ===> copy \cmds\FDIR.EXE FDIR.EXE PC Utilities - FDIR Page: 19 9.3 Function keys FDIR recognizes and acts upon the following special keys: Right Arrow Moves the cursor one character to the right, within the field of the command being edited. Left Arrow Move the cursor one character to the left, within the field of the command being edited. Up Arrow Move the cursor up one line, to the previous command field. The screen will be paged backward through the directory display if necessary. Down Arrow Move the cursor down one line, to the next command field. The screen will be scrolled forward through the directory display if necessary. Page up This key pages backward one screen in the directory display. (Top line becomes bottom) Page down This key pages forward one screen in the directory display. (Bottom line becomes top) Home Moves the cursor to the beginning of the command entry field on this line. End Moves the cursor to the end of the command entry field on this line. PC Utilities - FDIR Page: 20 CTRL-PgUp This key positions the cursor to the beginning of the command entry field in the first file entry in the directory display. CTRL-PgDn This key positions the cursor to the beginning of the command entry field in the last file entry in the directory display. CTRL-Home Redraws the screen image of the file. This is normally used in the case of the screen being corrupted by data transmission errors, or asynchronus messages from the operating system or its users. Ins Toggles between character INSERT and OVERWRITE mode. In INSERT mode, all characters typed at the terminal are inserted into the command. In OVERWRITE mode, characters typed overwrite any data already present in the command field. Delete Deletes the character under the cursor, without moving the cursor. Backspace Moves the cursor backward to the previous character, then deletes that character. F1 Toggles ON/OFF the automatic insertion of filenames at the end of commands. F2 Toggles ON/OFF the display of the actual commands as they are executed. F3 Toggles ON/OFF the pause prompt after all commands are executed. If this option is not enabled, the screen will be cleared, and the FDIR directory will be re-displayed immediatly after the commands execute. PC Utilities - FDIR Page: 21 F10 or Keypad '+' This key causes FDIR to clear the screen, and execute all of the commands which have been entered into the directory display. If no commands are found, FDIR terminates. F11 or Keypad '-' This key causes FDIR to terminate immediatly. PC Utilities - FSCAN Page: 22 10. FSCAN - File Consistancy Scanner 10.1 Introduction FSCAN is a utility for checking the consistancy of the files on you disk, and warning you if any changes have occured. An "INDEX" file is maintained, in which the size and CRC of all files is recorded, allowing FSCAN to verify them at a later date. 10.2 Command format The following options/commands may be given to FSCAN: +b - Instructs FSCAN to keep a backup (.BAK) of the index file whenever it is updated. +d - Instructs FSCAN to delete specified file records from the index file. i=name - Specify an alternate index file. (Default is "\FSCAN.IDX") +l - List the files records in the index file. +m - Mark (update) the file records in the index file. -v - Inhibit informational messages. Examples: fscan <== Check all files in index fscan \dos <== Check only \dos\*.* fscan +m \dos <== Record all files in \dos fscan +d *.TMP <== Remove temporary files fscan +l <== List files in index fscan +l \cmds\*.exe <== List only .EXE file in \cmds fscan +m +b <== Record and keep backup of index PC Utilities - HEXED Page: 23 11. HEXED - Binary editor 11.1 Introduction HEXED is a screen oriented (window) editor, which allows you to patch binary files in a HEX/ASCII DUMP display format. HEXED is invoked with the command "HEXED <filename>", where <filename> is the name of an existing file. To patch the file, simply position the cursor over the byte which you wish to change (using the special keys described below), in either the HEXIDECIMAL or ASCII display windows, and enter the new value. Values in the HEXIDECIMAL window must be entered as two (2) HEX/ASCII characters (0-9, A-F). Value in the ASCII display window may be entered by simply typing ASCII characters on the keyboard. 11.2 Function Keys HEXED recognizes the following special function keys: Right Arrow Advance the cursor position by one byte. Left arrow Backups the cursor position by one byte. Up Arrow Moves the cursor up one line (Back 16 bytes). Down Arrow Moves the cursor down one line (Forward 16 bytes). PgUp Displays the preceeding screen of data (backup 256 bytes). PgDn Displays the following screen of data (advance 256 bytes). Home Moves the cursor to the start of the line. End Moves the cursor to the end of the line. PC Utilities - HEXED Page: 24 CTRL-PgUp Displays the first page of data in the file, and positions the cursor on the first byte. CTRL-PgDn Displays the last page of data in the file, and positions the cursor on the last byte. CTRL-Home Re-draw the screen. Ins Insert a byte in the file. The value under the cursor is duplicated. All subsequent data is shifted down by one byte to make room. Del Delete a byte from the file. The value under the cursor is removed. All subsequent data is shifted up by one byte to fill in. F1 Toggles the cursor between the HEXIDECIMAL and ASCII display windows, allowing data entry in either form. F10 or Keypad '+' Prompts for a command, and executes it. F9 or Keypad '-' Re-executes the last line mode command entered. PC Utilities - HEXED Page: 25 11.3 Commands HEXED recognizes the following commands: G <xxxx> - Goto position Positions the display to begin at specified address (xxxx). Examples: g100 - Position to 0100 g1000 - Position to 1000 Q - Quit (exit) editor The 'Q'uit command exits the editor. This command will not allow an exit if unsaved changes are present in the file. Examples: Q - Quit editor QQ - Unconditional 'Q'uit The 'QQ'uit command exits the editor unconditionaly. Examples: QQ - Quit unconditionaly. W [filename] - Write to file The 'W' command writes the contents of the edit buffer to the named file, or to the original file edited if no name is specified. Use of this command also resets the FILE CHANGED flag, allowing exit via 'q'. Examples: W - Write file Wabc - Write file to 'abc' X [filename] - Write file and eXit This command behaves exactly as the 'W'rite command, followed immediatly by a 'Q'uit command. It provides a shorthand way of saving your file and leaving the editor. Examples: X - Write file & exit Xabc - Write to 'abc' and exit PC Utilities - HEXED Page: 26 ?<xx> <xx> ... - HEX search This command searches for the specified sequence of hexidecimal values, beginning at the byte following the cursor position. Examples: ?01 02 03 - Search for bytes /<text> - ASCII search This command searches for the specified text string of ASCII values, beginning at the byte following the cursor position. Examples /dave - Search for text PC Utilities - LOCATE Page: 27 12. LOCATE - Text file search LOCATE is a fast utility for finding specified strings in text files. Unlike most other such utilities, LOCATE allows you to search for several strings at the same time. The format of the LOCATE command is: LOCATE <filespec> "text"... [options ...] The available options are: +c - Use CASE-SENSITIVE search +r - Recurse into SUB-DIRECTORIES +t - Display lines where text is found -v - Inhibit line number display Examples: locate *.c "printf" "svanf" locate C:\*.c "strcpy" +r PC Utilities - OFF Page: 28 13. OFF - CRT screen Saver OFF is a manually operated CRT screen saved. When executed, OFF saves the current contents of the CRT screen, clears it, and then displays a "happy face" character which moves around at random. This saves the phosphors of the CRT from becoming "burned" due to characters being displayed in one position for too long. Pressing any key will restore the saved CRT screen, and terminate OFF. The form of the OFF command is: OFF This command should be executed whenever you are going to be away from your computer for any length of time. PC Utilities - RETAB Page: 29 14. RETAB - File Re-Tabulator 14.1 Introduction RETAB is a very useful utility which re-tabulates files, so that they will be correctly formatted when viewed on systems using different tab stops. RETAB writes its output to the console, which may be re-directed to a file using the DOS '>' operation. This is very useful when moving files from one system to another (For example: QNX uses tabs every four spaces, and MS-DOS uses tabs every 8 spaces). 14.2 Command format The format of the RETAB command is: RETAB [options] <filename> [options <filename>]... >output The available options are: -f - Inhibit filling with spaces. If this option is specified, RETAB will only format the file as close to the original format as it can using the output tab stops only. If not specified, RETAB will format the file to exactly the same visual format, using spaces to fill in any partial tabs. -s - Causes RETAB to convert any strings of spaces in the input file to tabs where possible. i=n,... - Specifies the input file tab stops. o=n,... - Specifies the output file tab stops. NOTE: RETAB processes multiple files, and allows the tab settings to be defined for each file. The '-f -s i= and o=' parameters must be specified BEFORE the file name where they are to have effect. If more tabs are present in the input or output file than were specified (using I= and O=), RETAB assumes that the tabs continue at the spacing of the last two stops. Therefore, if the tabs are at regular intervals, only the first tab stop need be given. Both input and output tabs default to 8 space intervals. If 'O=0' is specified, RETAB will convert all tabs in the input file to the appriopriate number of spaces in the output file. Examples: retab i=4 tab4.fil >tab8.fil retab o=4 tab8.fil >tab4.fil retab i=4 o=2 tab4.file i=8 tab8.fil >tab2.fil retab o=0 tab8.file >space.fil PC Utilities - SIZE Page: 30 15. SIZE - Report file sizes The SIZE utility reads one or more files, and counts the number of lines and characters in each one. If no files are specified, SIZE reads from the "standard input" device, allowing it to be used in a "pipe" to process the output from another command. If more than one filename is specified, SIZE will also report a "grand total" of the total numbers of lines and characters encountered. The form of the SIZE command is: SIZE [filename ...] Examples: size textfile.dat size file1.txt file2.txt dir | size PC Utilities - TIMEIT Page: 31 16. TIMEIT - Time Command Execution TIMEIT executes another DOS command, and reports the amount of time taken to execute it. The elapsed time is reported in hours, minites, seconds and hundredths of a second. The form of the TIMEIT command is: TIMEIT <command> Examples: timeit cc myprog timeit dus d:\ PC Utilities - WDIR Page: 32 17. WDIR - Walk Directory 17.1 Introduction This utility walks through a directory, executing one or more commands on files matching a specified pattern. Its main use is to provide "wildcard" capability to commands which do not directly support wildcards, although it can be quite useful in other situations as well. 17.2 Command format The format of the WDIR command is: WDIR <filespec> "command..." [options] The following options are available: +r - Recurse into sub-directories. When this option is specified, WDIR will search sub-directories for matching files. -v - Inhibit display of commands executed. +m - Use multiple (wildcard) forms of commands. This options is used with '+r' to cause a single command to be executed once in all sub-directories that have matching files. The following characters have special significance when used as part of the commands given to WDIR. @ - Substitutes the entire filename and extension (without directory) into the command. $ - Substitutes the filename only (without directory or extension) into the command. ^ - Substitutes the directory path (no filename or extension into the command. ! - Protect the next character in the command from the above translations. If none of the above characters are found in a command, WDIR will append the entire directory path, filename and extension to the command. NOTE: WDIR accepts and executes multiple commands. Examples: WDIR *.c "del" +r <=== One "DEL" for each FILE WDIR *.c "del" +r +m <=== One "DEL" for each DIRECTORY WDIR \cmds\*.BAT "copy" "delete" (Copy all ".BAT" files from \cmds and then delete them) PC Utilities TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. CHATTR - Change file attributes 2 3. DIFF - A file compare program 3 4. DR - Date Ranger 4 5. DUMP - File dump 5 6. DUS - Disk Use Summary 6 7. EDT - Text editor 7 7.1 Introduction 7 7.2 Line mode operation 8 7.3 Visual mode operation 13 8. EXTRACT - Extract section of file 17 9. FDIR - Full screen directory 18 9.1 Introduction 18 9.2 Command format 18 9.3 Function keys 19 10. FSCAN - File Consistancy Scanner 22 10.1 Introduction 22 10.2 Command format 22 11. HEXED - Binary editor 23 11.1 Introduction 23 11.2 Function Keys 23 11.3 Commands 25 12. LOCATE - Text file search 27 PC Utilities Table of Contents Page 13. OFF - CRT screen Saver 28 14. RETAB - File Re-Tabulator 29 14.1 Introduction 29 14.2 Command format 29 15. SIZE - Report file sizes 30 16. TIMEIT - Time Command Execution 31 17. WDIR - Walk Directory 32 17.1 Introduction 32 17.2 Command format 32